Some of these herbs were mentioned in Dawood el Antaky’s prescription (medical journal), the medical materials book by Ahmed Ibn Rasheed and the Law in medicine by Ibn Sina.

Some of the herbs are still used in Nubia such as:

• Halfa Burr: Is used to treat common cold and renal calic.
• Dammsesa: Used in curing kidney ailments.
• Hargal: Used for treating digestion troubles.

Nubians used the method of burying the diseased parts in hot sand to enhance the blood circulation facilitating a speedy recovery of joint pains.

The treatment includes a variety of celebration songs and dances by the relatives of the patients to relieve their pains and entertain them.

The patients are then wrapped in cloth to protect them from catching cold and hot drinks are served. Old people who are responsible for the treatment are experts in their field, they also use (Domera) which is similar to the new treatment known as pleoma to treat headache, tooth pain and muscle fraction.

Scientific research has concluded that the success behind the treatments due to the hot sand that affects the nerve ends and the blood circulation.

This treatment is similar to the newly invented therapy known as biotherapy which depends on the hot mud or the hot sand with some radioactive materials in safe amounts to be absorbed through the skin because of its anti-inflammatory nature.

The Domera is similar to the method known as pleoma which is used in international health centers by mixing the mud with natural and mineral water depending on the property of humid heat.